高中英语知识点归纳笔记_高中英语定语从句怎么判断先行词?_高考英语状语从句连接词
<h2>你是不是也这样?一看到“从句”俩字就头皮发紧?</h2><p>别急,先喝口水,咱们慢慢来。</p>
<p>很多高一刚接触语法的同学,第一次翻到“定语从句”和“状语从句”那几页,眼前直接飘过一堆that、which、when、because……然后默默合上书——不是不想学,是<strong>根本分不清谁修饰谁、谁管什么事儿</strong>。</p>
<p>今天这篇,就是专为这种“翻开课本像读天书”的新手写的。不讲虚的,不堆术语,咱们一句<p>一句拆,一个一个练。</p>
<h2>高中英语定语从句怎么判断先行词?</h2>
<p>先问自己:<strong>“这个从句,到底在说‘谁’或‘什么’?”</strong></p>
<p>答案就是先行词。它一定出现在主句里,而且<strong>紧挨着从句</strong>(但不一定紧贴!这点很多人踩坑)。</p>
<p>举个超常见的例子:</p>
<p>> The book <strong>that I borrowed yesterday</strong> is on the desk.</p>
<p>? 主句是 “The book is on the desk.”</p>
<p>? 从句是 “that I borrowed yesterday”</p>
<p>? 那么,“the book” 就是先行词——因为整个从句就是在描述“这本书”</p>
<p>?? 注意两个易错点:</p>
<ul><li>先行词可以是人、物、时间、地点,甚至整个主句(比如:He failed the exam, <strong>which surprised everyone</strong>.)</li><li>它不一定是名词,有时是代词(如:One of the teachers <strong>who teach us English</strong> is from Canada. —— “who”前面的“teachers”才是先行词)</li></ul>
<p>我自己带学生时发现:<strong>只要画出主句+从句,用横线连一连“被修饰的对象”,90%的同学当场就明白了。</strong></p>
<h2>高考英语状语从句连接词有哪些?</h2>
<p>状语从句不修饰“人或物”,而是修饰<strong>动词/形容词/整个句子</strong>,回答的是:什么时候?为什么?在哪里?条件如何?让步怎样?</p>
<p>我们按逻辑关系归类,记住</p>这6大类就够了(高考真题里95%都跑不出这些):</p>
<h2># 时间状语从句 → when / while / as / before / after / since / until / as soon as</h2>
<p>> She called me <strong>as I was leaving home</strong>.(注意:while/as 强调“同时进行”,主从句都用进行时更自然)</p>
<h2># 原因状语从句 → because / since / as / now that</h2>
<p>> <strong>Because it was raining</strong>, we stayed indoors.</p>
<p>?小提醒:“because”语气最强,不能放句首加逗号(口语可以,但高考书面表达慎用);“since/as”更正式柔和。</p>
<h2># 条件状语从句 → if / unless / as long as / in case</h2>
<p>> You’ll pass the test <strong>unless you stop reviewing now</strong>.</p>
<p>?? “unless = if not”,但千万别写成 “if not”——语法上错误!</p>
<h2># 让步状语从句 → although / though / even though / while / whereas</h2>
<p>> <strong>Although he studied hard</strong>, he didn’t get a high score.</p>
<p>? “though”可放句末:“He’s tired. He kept working, though.”</p>
<h2># 目的状语从句 → so that / in order that</h2>
<p>> He spoke loudly <strong>so that everyone could hear</strong>.</p>
<p>?? 后面常跟 “could/might/should” 等情态动词——这是识别关键!</p>
<h2># 结果状语从句 → so…that / such…that</h2>
<p>> It was <strong>so cold that</strong> the lake froze.</p>
<p>> It was <strong>such a difficult test that</strong> half the class failed.</p>
<h2>一个小练习,试试看?</h2>
<p>下面这句话里,哪个是先行词?属于哪种状语从句?</p>
<p>> My brother, <strong>who works in Shanghai</strong>, called me <strong>just as I was having dinner</strong>.</p>
<p>?? 先行词是:<strong>brother</strong>(“who…”修饰brother,是定语从句)</p>
<p>?? “just as I was having dinner” 是:<strong>时间状语从句</strong>(修饰“called”,说明打电话发生的时刻)</p>
<p>——你看,其实没那么玄乎,对吧?</p>
<p>说实话,我教了七年高中英语,最常听到学生说的一句话是:“老师,我背了所有连接词,但做题还是选错。”</p>
<p>后来我发现:问题不在“记不住”,而在<strong>没建立判断路径</strong>。</p>
<p>比如看到一个从句,先停1秒问:</p>
<p>① 它前面紧挨着的是名词/代词吗?→ 可能是定语从句</p>
<p>② 它前面是个完整句子,后面又跟了个动词短语?→ 往往是状语从句</p>
<p>③ 连接词后面有没有情态动词?有没有“so/such”结构?有没有“although”这类明显信号词?</p>
<ul><li>*语法不是拼图游戏,而是一套观察顺序。** 你越早养成这个习惯,后面学非谓语、虚拟语气,就越轻松。</li></ul>
<p>现在,你可以拿出最近一套卷子,挑3个含从句的句子,照着上面的步骤标一标——不用多,3句,试试看。</p>
页:
[1]